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Candidatus Alkanophaga archaea from Guaymas Basin hydrothermal vent sediment oxidize petroleum alkanes

Citation
Zehnle et al. (2023). Nature Microbiology 8 (7)
Names
Ca. Thermodesulfobacterium syntrophicum Ca. Syntrophoarchaeum Ca. Alkanophaga
Abstract
AbstractMethanogenic and methanotrophic archaea produce and consume the greenhouse gas methane, respectively, using the reversible enzyme methyl-coenzyme M reductase (Mcr). Recently, Mcr variants that can activate multicarbon alkanes have been recovered from archaeal enrichment cultures. These enzymes, called alkyl-coenzyme M reductase (Acrs), are widespread in the environment but remain poorly understood. Here we produced anoxic cultures degrading mid-chain petroleum n-alkanes between pentane (

Hyperactive nanobacteria with host-dependent traits pervade Omnitrophota

Citation
Seymour et al. (2023). Nature Microbiology 8 (4)
Names
Omnitrophota Omnitrophus fodinae Ts Omnitrophus
Abstract
AbstractCandidate bacterial phylum Omnitrophota has not been isolated and is poorly understood. We analysed 72 newly sequenced and 349 existing Omnitrophota genomes representing 6 classes and 276 species, along with Earth Microbiome Project data to evaluate habitat, metabolic traits and lifestyles. We applied fluorescence-activated cell sorting and differential size filtration, and showed that most Omnitrophota are ultra-small (~0.2 μm) cells that are found in water, sediments and soils. Omnitro

SeqCode: a nomenclatural code for prokaryotes described from sequence data

Citation
Hedlund et al. (2022). Nature Microbiology
Names
Kryptoniales Kryptoniia Kryptoniaceae Kryptonium mobile
Abstract
AbstractMost prokaryotes are not available as pure cultures and therefore ineligible for naming under the rules and recommendations of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP). Here we summarize the development of the SeqCode, a code of nomenclature under which genome sequences serve as nomenclatural types. This code enables valid publication of names of prokaryotes based upon isolate genome, metagenome-assembled genome or single-amplified genome sequences. Otherwise, it is s

A closed Candidatus Odinarchaeum chromosome exposes Asgard archaeal viruses

Citation
Tamarit et al. (2022). Nature Microbiology 7 (7)
Names
Ca. Odinarchaeum yellowstonii
Abstract
AbstractAsgard archaea have recently been identified as the closest archaeal relatives of eukaryotes. Their ecology, and particularly their virome, remain enigmatic. We reassembled and closed the chromosome of Candidatus Odinarchaeum yellowstonii LCB_4, through long-range PCR, revealing CRISPR spacers targeting viral contigs. We found related viruses in the genomes of diverse prokaryotes from geothermal environments, including other Asgard archaea. These viruses open research avenues into the ec

A catalogue of 1,167 genomes from the human gut archaeome

Citation
Chibani et al. (2021). Nature Microbiology 7 (1)
Names
“Methanarcanum” “Methanoprimaticola” “Methanoprimaticola hominis” “Methanarcanum hacksteinii”
Abstract
AbstractThe human gut microbiome plays an important role in health, but its archaeal diversity remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we report the analysis of 1,167 nonredundant archaeal genomes (608 high-quality genomes) recovered from human gastrointestinal tract, sampled across 24 countries and rural and urban populations. We identified previously undescribed taxa including 3 genera, 15 species and 52 strains. Based on distinct genomic features, we justify the split of the Methano

Genomic insights into diverse bacterial taxa that degrade extracellular DNA in marine sediments

Citation
Wasmund et al. (2021). Nature Microbiology 6 (7)
Names
Ca. Izemoplasmatales Ca. Izemoplasma “Izemoplasma acidinucleici”
Abstract
AbstractExtracellular DNA is a major macromolecule in global element cycles, and is a particularly crucial phosphorus, nitrogen and carbon source for microorganisms in the seafloor. Nevertheless, the identities, ecophysiology and genetic features of DNA-foraging microorganisms in marine sediments are largely unknown. Here, we combined microcosm experiments, DNA stable isotope probing (SIP), single-cell SIP using nano-scale secondary isotope mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) and genome-centric metagen