In accordance with procedures for naming endosymbiotic bacteria that cannot be cultured in laboratory media, we propose the name “Candidatus Uzinura diaspidicola” based on the distinct monophyletic clade of endosymbionts of armored scale insects and the lack of closely related endosymbionts found in halimococcid scale insects, the putative sister taxa to armored scale insects. We submit co-diversification as evidence of this endosymbiont being the primary endosymbiont that is inherited via vertical maternal transmission. This bacterium has unique DNA sequence in the 16S rDNA gene at the following sites (homologues to E. coli positions): (1) 721–734, ATAGCGAAGGCAGG, (2) 1075–1086, GTGCTGTGAAGT, and (3) 1068–1076, CCTATAAAC. The G + C content for the 16S rDNA sequence is 44.5–41.8 mol% with an average of 43.2 mol%. Tremblay (1990) describes the usual form of these bacteria as round-oval bodies. However, he states that they are pleomorphic and includes drawings of elongate bacteria in bacteriocytes when symbionts are dividing prior to transmission into the oocyte.